“Studies in humans highlight the potential contribution of propionate in the diet to the development of insulin resistance and obesity.”
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Amir Tirosh et al.,The short-chain fatty acid propionate increases glucagon and FABP4 production, impairing insulin action in mice and humans.Sci. Transl. Med.11,eaav0120(2019).DOI:10.1126/scitranslmed.aav0120